United Nations Role in Peace and Security

As we all spot the UNO is an universe of discourse(prenominal) organization of almost 192 member countries of the valet beings and was founded rather replaced by the League of Nations rough 63 years back in October 24,1945 in San Francisco, California, shortly after World War -II. No doubt the tragedy, bloodshed, massacre, famish and nuclear atrocities by the USA gave alarming feelings to the nations to freeing the homo from the theory of wars in future. However, its successes and failures in achieving this objective argon still debatable. The UNO as stated above is a renewed precursor body of the League of Nations.So before reviewing the UNOs functions, it will be worthwhile to look into the tarradiddle of the League as the new generation is not much sure of its role. LEAGUE OF NATIONS The League was founded after the devastation, slaughter, disaster and atrocities of the world war-I. It was also an international organization clique up in accordance with the Treaty of Versailles in 1919-20 with only 58 members. Its major goal consisted of disarmament, prevention of war and cave in disputes betwixt the countries. The harbinger of setting up this organization was the joined States prexy Mr.Woodrow Wilson. save surprisingly the Senate of his own country refused to be hap its member which was, no doubt, a serious blow to the prestige of the League. However, other great powers equivalent the United Kingdom and France remained its members. It was to fulfil the dream of fundamental shift in the thought from the preceding centuries. Un bid the UNO,the League did not have its own armed forces and was dependent on the great powers to obligate its resolutions and peace-making struggles. It could not enforce its three sanctions as envisaged under its covenant.Therefore after,no doubt, a a couple of(prenominal) famed successes, the following failures go awayed in its replacement by the United Nations- 1. In 1931 lacquer invaded Manchuria entirely no effective sanction was imposed on the aggressor. 2. In 1935,Italy attacked Abyssinia but n 1 of the great powers took some(prenominal) notice of it. . 3. Germany was not allowed to link the League in 1919 as it had started the war. 4. Russia was also denied its membership in 1917 be a communist g everywherenment to pose fear in horse opera Europe. Eventually these three most powerful countries could not play their exacting role in supporting the league.This sort of plight has been stated by Mussolini in a sarcaustic manner as under The League is precise well when sparrows shout, but no good at all when eagles personal identification number out So the League after the end of the initiative world war was replaced by the UNO in 1945 having remained in existence from 1919 to 1945. THE unify NATIONS institution After the closure of the League of Nations, the UNO was established on 24th October,1945 but its first commonplace Assembly comprising 51 member countries was held o n tenth January,1946 in London.One can well assess that the brunts and tragedies of both the world wars gave a fillip to the vagary of revamping the body of the League to play more(prenominal) effective role anew to restore peace and harmony amongst the states. This idea was elaborated in the Declarations signed during war time conferences held in capital of the Russian Federation and Tehran in 1943. Mr. Franklin D. Roosevelt, the President of the USA proposed its name as UNITED NATIONS. Its look at was drafted by the governments as well as non-government organizations like king of beasts Club International.To start with 51 nations signed the charter of the United Nations. The charter was later ratified by five permanent members of the Security Council viz USA, UK, France and China, followed by a majority of the other 40 signatories. As a result of the unanimous votes by the U. S. Senate and the House of Representatives, the UNOs Headquarter were made in the United States. Accor dingly U. N. Headquarters building was constructed in New York city in 1949 and 1950 beside the East River on the land purchased by an 8. million dollars donation from washbowl D. Rockefeller. The land is now considered international territory but apart from some diplomatic privileges and immunities, the laws of the New York city,New York state and the U. S. in general do apply. The UNO is back up by some other organizations like the Security Council, UNICEF, WHO, UNESCO and a few more to resolve conflicts and to maintain peace in the world as well as to eliminate illiteracy, poverty, hunger and to enhance respect for human rights. PAKISTANS ROLE IN THE UNO.Pakistan is proud to play its role in the peace-keeping missions of the United Nations. Pakistan became its member on 30th September,1947 i. e. just after one months creation of it on the world map as a new country. Since 1960, Pakistan is enthusiastically performing its responsibility in the U. N. peace-keeping missions with o ver ten thousand troops and observers. Currently Pakistans involvement in restoring peace in Somalia, Sierra Leon, Bosnia, Congo, Liberia and East Temore have been commended not by the UNO but the world at large.No other country including any muslim state has been that active to contribute this sort of role in the United Nations. This speaks of the valour and vividity of our armed forces on the planetary impact. Conclusion The first decade of the 21st century is going to complete with both wish and distress co-existing side by side. Peace and development and concept of majority rule and equality are still missing in many move of the world despite our trumpeted slogan of world getting into a global village.No doubt the globalization has drawn countries closer and closer with quality to their economic relationship, advanced means of communications and regional cooperation etc. But these developments are posing some alarming questions to the general public like local wars, revoluti ons and conflicts coming up from time to time. The Iraq war and situation between Israel and Palestine witnessing tragedies every day. Similarly wars in Africa entangled with poverty and diseases are still continuing.As a matter of fact after the dropping of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan on 6th and eighth August,1945, the possession of nuclear device by some countries created a awareness of self-protection and safety. In this way the dream of peace and harmony in the world does not seem to be converted into the reality in the near future. But we are not that pessimist because the UNO is undoubtedly a microcosm of the world and despite so many reservations politically, its role in promoting disarmament for a safer future to the posterity cannot be denied.In the global concept its vastness and necessity is gaining momentum day by day. It is now the most acclaimed ordinary representative and authoritative organization with 192 member countries in its present set up and we do hope that it will progress more in the time to come. Those countries who have not become its members so far, should also come forward to strengthen the UNO in general and the present Secretary General Mr. Ban Ki-moon In particular.